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Resources
California PCA Exam Helper: Pest Identification
Category B, State Licensing Exams
Plant Pathogens
The list below includes all the plant pathogens contained in the knowledge
expectations for the Category B California PCA exam.
Remember, in addition to knowing these organisms, there are many other
knowledge expectations for this exam. Get the complete list of knowledge
expectations from DPR.
Each pathogen is linked to pages within the UC IPM Web site that contain
information and photos to help you identify it and understand the basic
biological and management information specified in the knowledge expectations. For some pathogens, a number of links
are available. If a pathogen causes disease in several crops, links are listed to the UC IPM Pest Management
Guidelines for crops where it is most important. It is important
to be aware of pathogens that have a broad host range, although not necessary
to learn details of every disease situation. Use the knowledge expectations
to determine what information you should focus on. Pathogens
which are also problematic in urban situations such as gardens and landscapes
are linked to Pest Notes.
Information pertaining to these pathogens is also in the recommended
study guide, Plant Pathology, 4th Edition, G.N. Agrios, which
is a comprehensive textbook that contains much more information than you
will be required to know. Always use the knowledge expectations
to determine what information you need to focus on.
For each of the following pathogens and associated disease, identify:
- the common name of disease
- the genus of the causal agent
- the class of the causal agent
- the biology
- life cycles—
- the sexual structure
- the asexual structure
- the resistant survival stage
- host range
- signs and symptoms of the disease
- methods of control
Be prepared to identify the following pathogens when presented with a
photograph, common, or Latin name.
Plant diseases caused by bacteria
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For each of the following bacterial diseases, identify:
- the common name of the disease
- the genus of the causal agent
- the disease cycle
- means of survival
- method of dissemination
- mechanism of inoculation and infection
- environmental conditions favorable for disease
- symptoms and signs of disease
- host range
- methods of control
Be prepared to identify the following pathogens when presented with a
photograph, common, or Latin name.
Plant diseases caused by fastidious vascular
bacteria
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Be prepared to identify the following diseases when presented with a
photograph and recognize the pathogen, life cycle, insect vector, and
disease reservoir.
|
Class
|
Pathogen
|
Disease
|
Photos, Description, and Management Information
|
| Plant
diseases caused by fastidious vascular bacteria |
| |
Xylella
fastidiosa
|
| |
Pierce's
disease
|
in
grape
|
|
|
|
| |
Almond
leaf scorch
|
in
almond
|
|
|
|
Plant diseases caused by phytoplasmas
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Be prepared to identify the following diseases when presented with a
photograph and recognize the pathogen, insect vector, disease reservoir,
and alternate hosts.
For each disease listed below, identify
- symptomology
- disease cycles
- host range
- methods of control
- how the virus is spread
|
Class
|
Pathogen
|
Disease
|
Photos, Description, and Management Information
|
| Plant
pathogenic viruses |
|
Arthropod
vectors
|
| |
Tomato
spotted wilt tospovirus
|
| |
tomato
spotted wilt (thrips vector)
|
in
lettuce
|
in
ornamentals & nurseries
|
in
tomato
|
tomato
spotted wilt tospovirus occurs on other crops
|
| |
Beet
curly top geminivirus
|
| |
curly
top disease (leafhopper vectors)
|
in
potato
|
in
cucurbits
|
in
sugarbeet
|
more
crops
|
| |
Cucumber
mosaic cucumovirus (CMV)
|
| |
cucumber
mosaic (aphid vectors)
|
in
cucurbits
|
in
spinach
|
in
peppers
|
more
crops
|
|
Soilborne
vectors
|
| |
Beet
necrotic yellow vein furovirus
|
| |
rhizomania
of sugarbeets (soilborne fungus, Polymyxa betae
vector)
|
in
sugarbeet
|
|
|
|
| |
Grape
fanleaf nepovirus
|
| |
grapevine
fanleaf (nematode vectors)
|
in
grape
|
|
|
|
|
Seed
transmission
|
| |
Lettuce
mosaic potyvirus
|
| |
lettuce
mosaic (aphid vectors)
|
in
lettuce
|
|
|
|
| |
Bean
common mosaic potyvirus
|
| |
bean
common mosaic (aphid vectors)
|
in
dry bean
|
|
|
|
|
Graft
transmission
|
| |
Citrus
tristeza closterovirus
|
| |
citrus
tristeza (melon aphid vector)
|
in
citrus
|
|
|
|
|
Mechanical
transmission
|
| |
Tobacco
mosaic tobamovirus / tomato mosaic tobamovirus
|
| |
tobacco
mosaic (insect, mechanical transmission; often by man and tomato
seed)
|
in
tomato
|
in
peppers
|
in
floriculture & nurseries
|
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Plant diseases caused by parasitic seed plants
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Recognize the following parasitic seed plants. Know their host range
and methods of control. Be prepared to identify them when presented
with a photograph, common, or Latin name.
Describe the types of symptoms associated with
- herbicide injury
- mineral excesses and deficiencies
- wind
- excess soil moisture
- low soil moisture
- air pollution and other toxic chemicals
- high temperature
- low temperature
- sunscald
- edema
- etiolation
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