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How to Manage Pests
UC Pest Management Guidelines
Cherry
Black Scale
Scientific Name: Saissetia oleae
(Reviewed 4/06,
updated 4/06)
In this Guideline:
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Fully grown females are
0.13 inch in diameter, dark brown or black, nearly hemispherical, and hard,
with two transverse and one longitudinal ridge on the dorsum, forming a
conspicuous "H" on the shell covering. Males are thin, narrow, flat, and nearly
transparent. In the Central Valley they overwinter as crawlers with adults appearing May to July. There is one generation each year.
The chief injury is the production of honeydew which, in large
amounts, can damage leaves and fruit. Sooty mold growing in the honeydew can cause blackened areas on leaves and fruit.
Black scale seldom requires treatment because a number of parasites
and predators usually keep the pest's populations low. Two encyrtid wasps, Metaphycus
helvolus and M. bartletti, are the most important parasites. The larvae of lacewings and some lady
beetles feed on black
scale crawlers. If biological control is not adequate and sooty mold from black
scale is a problem, treat during the dormant or delayed dormant period. If
populations of black scale are severe, an insecticide can be added to the oil
spray.
| Common name |
Amount to Use** |
P.H.I.+ |
| (trade name) |
(conc.) |
(dilute) |
(days) |
|
| The
following materials are listed in order of usefulness in an IPM program,
taking into account efficacy and impact
on natural enemies and honey bees. When choosing
a pesticide, also consider information relating to environmental impact.
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| DORMANT or DELAYED DORMANT |
| A. |
NARROW RANGE OIL |
4–8 gal |
1.5–2 gal |
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MODE OF ACTION: Contact including smothering and barrier effects. |
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.
. . PLUS . . .(optional) |
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DIAZINON* 50WP |
4 lb |
1.25 lb |
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MODE
OF ACTION: An organophosphate (Group 1B)1 insecticide.
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COMMENTS:
Organophosphate insecticides used during delayed dormancy are very toxic to
honey bees. Remove bees from orchard if cover crops or weeds are in bloom.
Oil sprays may injure trees that are water stressed. It is advisable to
postpone an oil application to water-stressed trees until winter rains have
replenished soil water and the tree bark is noticeably moist. Avoid drift and
runoff into surface water or choose alternative materials. Diazinon has been
found in surface waters at levels that violate federal and state water quality standards. |
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. . . OR . . . |
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CHLORPYRIFOS* |
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(Lorsban) 4EC |
2 qt |
0.5 qt |
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MODE
OF ACTION: An organophosphate (Group 1B)1 insecticide.
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COMMENTS:
Apply before blossoms open or injury may occur. Do not graze livestock in
treated areas or feed them treated cover crops. Avoid drift and runoff into
surface water or choose alternative materials. Chlorpyrifos has been found in surface waters at levels that violate federal and state water quality standards. |
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. . . OR . . . |
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PYRIPROXYFEN |
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(Esteem) 0.86 EC |
13–16 fl oz |
3.25–4 fl oz |
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(Seize) 35WP |
4–5 oz |
1–1.25 oz |
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MODE OF ACTION: An insect growth regulator (Group 7C)1
insecticide.
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COMMENTS:
An insect growth regulator that targets egg hatch. Good coverage is essential
for good control. Use allowed under a supplemental label. |
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UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines: Cherry
UC ANR Publication 3440
Insects and Mites
R. A. Van Steenwyk, Insect Biology, UC Berkeley
K. M. Daane, Kearney Agricultural Center, Parlier
J. A. Grant, UC Cooperative Extension, San Joaquin County
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