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How to Manage Pests

UC Pest Management Guidelines

| More pests | More crops | About guidelines |

Adult Flor's leafhopper (cherry leafhopper).

Cherry

Cherry Leafhopper

Scientific Name: Fieberiella florii

(Reviewed 4/06, updated 4/06)

In this Guideline:

DESCRIPTION OF THE PEST

Adult cherry leafhoppers are dark brown and their shape and color mimic the buds of their hosts. This leafhopper overwinters as nymphs on ornamental hosts such as privet, boxwood, myrtle, hawthorn, pyracantha, Ceanothus, Cotoneaster, crabapple, and apple and as eggs on ornamental hosts and deciduous fruit trees. This leafhopper is not as active as the mountain leafhoper and does not travel as far in search of hosts. However, cherry is a preferred host for this species. There are three periods of adult activity: mid-April through May; during July; and September through October.

DAMAGE

This leafhopper is an efficient vector of cherry buckskin (see CHERRY BUCKSKIN for description) and appears to be responsible for severe outbreaks of this disease.

MANAGEMENT

Dormant or delayed dormant sprays will reduce populations of overwintering eggs and are useful as preventive sprays in areas where cherry buckskin disease has been found. Treat anytime from December to February.

Inseason treatments are also necessary if cherry buckskin is evident. Treat immediately after harvest and at 4- to 6- week intervals thereafter. Length of interval depends on residual effectiveness of material used. Consult local farm advisor for timing of application. Remove buckskin-diseased trees immediately after treatment so that the leafhoppers are destroyed before trees are removed.

Common name Amount to Use**
(trade name) (conc.) (dilute)
The following materials are listed in order of usefulness in an IPM program, taking into account efficacy and impact on natural enemies and honey bees. When choosing a pesticide, also consider information relating to environmental impact.
 
DORMANT or DELAYED DORMANT
A. NARROW RANGE oil 4–8 gal 1.5–2 gal
  MODE OF ACTION: Contact including smothering and barrier effects.
  . . . PLUS . . .
  CHLORPYRIFOS*
  (Lorsban) 4EC 2 qt 0.5 qt
  MODE OF ACTION: An organophosphate (Group 1B)1 insecticide.
  COMMENTS: Apply before blossoms open or injury may occur. Do not graze livestock in treated areas or feed them treated cover crops. Avoid drift and runoff into surface water or choose alternative materials. Chlorpyrifos has been found in surface waters at levels that violate federal and state water quality standards.
  . . . OR . . .
  DIAZINON* 50WP 2 lb 0.5 lb
  MODE OF ACTION: An organophosphate (Group 1B)1 insecticide.
  COMMENTS: Provides only immediate control. No control 2 days after application. Avoid drift and tailwater runoff into surface waters. Where cherries are grown adjacent to waterways, do not use this material.
  . . . OR . . .
  ESFENVALERATE*
  (Asana XL) 0.66EC 4.8–14.5 oz 2.0–5.8 oz
  MODE OF ACTION: A pyrethroid (Group 3)1 insecticide.
  COMMENTS: Provides long-term control. May cause serious outbreaks of spider mites. Do not exceed 0.375 lb a.i./acre/season.
 
POSTHARVEST
A. ESFENVALERATE*
  (Asana XL) 0.66EC 4.8–14.5 oz 2.0–5.8 oz
  MODE OF ACTION: A pyrethroid (Group 3)1 insecticide.
  COMMENTS: Provides long-term control. May cause serious outbreaks of spider mites. Do not exceed 0.375 lb a.i./acre/season. At 10 oz/acre has a 4-week residual; at 14 oz/acre has a 6-week residual.
 
B. THIAMETHOXAM
  (Actara) 25WDG 4 oz 1 oz
  MODE OF ACTION: A neonicotinoid (Group 4A)1 insecticide.
  COMMENTS: May only be applied once after bloom. Do not apply by air. At the highest label rate has a 4 week residual. Repeat applications of any neonicotinoid insecticide (imidacloprid-Admire, Provado; thiamethoxam-Actara) can lead to resistance to all neonicotinoids. Alternate neonicotinoids with an insecticide that has a different mode of action to help delay the development of resistance.
 
C. CARBARYL*
  (Sevin) 80S 5 lb 1.25 lb
  (Sevin) XLR PLUS 4 qt 1 qt
  MODE OF ACTION: A carbamate (Group 1A)1 insecticide.
  COMMENTS: May cause increased spider mite problems. Do not apply more than 17.5 lb Sevin 80S or 14 qt XLR PLUS/acre/season. The XLR PLUS formulation is less hazardous to honey bees than other formulations if applied from late evening to early morning when bees are not foraging.
 
D. DIAZINON* 50WP 2 lb 0.5 lb
  MODE OF ACTION: An organophosphate (Group 1B)1 insecticide.
  COMMENTS: Provides only immediate control. No control 2 days after application. Avoid drift and tailwater runoff into surface waters. Where cherries are grown adjacent to waterways, do not use this material.
 
 
**  For concentrate applications, use the amount given in 80–100 gal water/acre, or lower if the label allows; for dilute applications, amount is per 100 gal water to be applied in 300–400 gal water/acre, according to label.
* Permit required from county agricultural commissioner for purchase or use.
1 Modes of action are important in preventing the development of resistance to pesticides. Rotate chemicals with a different mode-of-action group number, and do not use products with the same mode-of-action group number more than twice per season. For example, the organophosphates have a group number of 1B; chemicals with a 1B group number should be alternated with chemicals that have a group number other than 1B. Mode of action is assigned by IRAC (Insecticide Resistance Action Committee). For additional information, see their Web site at http://www.irac-online.org/.

[Precautions]

PUBLICATION

[UC Peer Reviewed]

UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines: Cherry
UC ANR Publication 3440
Insects and Mites
R. A. Van Steenwyk, Insect Biology, UC Berkeley
K. M. Daane, Kearney Agricultural Center, Parlier
J. A. Grant, UC Cooperative Extension, San Joaquin County

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Statewide IPM Program, Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California
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