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How to Manage Pests

UC Pest Management Guidelines

| More pests | More crops | About guidelines |

Apricot

Relative Toxicities of Insecticides and Miticides Used in Apricots to Natural Enemies and Honey Bees

(Reviewed 11/07, updated 11/07)

In this Guideline:
Common name (trade name) Mode of action 1 Selectivity 2
(affected groups)		 Predatory mites 3 General predators 4 Parasites 4 Honey bees 5 Duration of impact
to natural enemies 6
Bacillus thuringiensis ssp.kurstaki 11.B2 narrow (caterpillars) L L L IV short
bifenazate (Acramite) 25 narrow (spider mites) L L L III short
carbaryl (Sevin) 50, 80 1A broad (insects, mites) L/H H H I long
carbaryl (Sevin) XLR 1A broad (insects, mites) L H H II long
carbaryl (Sevin) XLR Plus 1A broad (insects, mites) L H L I7 long
clofentezine (Apollo) 10A narrow (mites) L L L IV short
diazinon 1B broad (insects, mites) L H H I moderate to long
diflubenzuron (Dimilin) 15 — L H L IV —
esfenvalerate (Asana) 3 broad (insect, mites) H M H I8 moderate
imidacloprid (Provado) 4A narrow (sucking insects) — — H II short to moderate
lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior) 3 broad (plant bugs, beetles, caterpillars) H H H I9 moderate
methidathion (Supracide) 1B broad (insects, mites) H H H I moderate to long
methoxyfenozide (Intrepid) 18A narrow (caterpillars) L L L IV short
neem oil (Trilogy) 26 broad (soft-bodied insects) L L L III short
petroleum oil — broad (exposed insects, mites) L10 L L III short to none
phosmet (Imidan) 1B broad (insects, mites) H H H I moderate to long
pyriproxyfen (Seize) 7C narrow (scale, beetles) L H11 L IV long
spinosad (Entrust, Success) 5 narrow (caterpillars, thrips, whiteflies, aphids, scales, leafminers) L M12 L/M III short

H = high M = moderate L = low

1 Rotate chemicals with a different mode-of-action Group number, and do not use products with the same mode-of-action Group number more than twice per season to help prevent development of resistance. For example, the organophosphates have a Group number of 1B; chemicals with a 1B Group number should be alternated with chemicals that have a Group number other than 1B. Mode of action Group numbers are assigned by IRAC (Insecticide Resistance Action Committee). For additional information, see their Web site at http://www.irac-online.org/.
2 Selectivity: Broad means it affects most groups of insects and mites; narrow means it affects only a few specific groups.
3 Generally, toxicites are to western predatory mite, Galendromus occidentalis. Where differences have been measured, these are listed as pesticide-resistant strain/native strain.
4 Toxicities are averages of reported effects and should be used only as a general guide. Actual toxicity of a specific chemical depends on the species of predator or parasite, environmental conditions, and application rate.
5 Ratings are as follows: I-Do not apply to blooming plants; II-Apply only during late evening; III-Apply only during late evening, night, or early morning; and IV-Apply at any time with reasonable safety to bees. For more information, see How to Reduce Bee Poisoning From Pesticides (164 KB, PDF), Pacific Northwest Extension Publication PNW591. Available to order online at http://pubs.wsu.edu/cgi-bin/pubs/index.html.
6 Duration: Short means hours to days; moderate means days to 2 weeks; and long means many weeks or months.
7 If rate is 1.5 lb a.i. or less and dilution not greater than 1:19, rating is II.
8 If rate is 0.025 lb a.i./acre, rating is II.
9 If rate is 0.02 lb a.i./acre, rating is II.
10  Rating depends on rate used.
11 Kills lady beetles.
12 Toxic against some natural enemies (predatory thrips, syrphid fly and lacewing larvae, beetles) when sprayed and up to 5-7 days after, expecially for syrphid fly larvae.

[Precautions]

PUBLICATION

[UC Peer Reviewed]

UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines: Apricot
UC ANR Publication 3433
General Information
Acknowledgements: This table was compiled based on research data and experience of University of California scientists who work on a variety of crops and contribute to the Pest Management Guideline database, and from Flint, M.L. and S.H. Dreistadt. 1998. Natural Enemies Handbook: An Illustrated Guide to Biological Pest Control, ANR Publication 3386.

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Statewide IPM Program, Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California
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