UC IPM: UC Management Guidelines for Greedy Scale and Latania Scale on Olive

UC Pest Management Guidelines

Olive

Greedy Scale and Latania Scale

Scientific Names: Greedy scale: Hemiberlesia rapax
Lantania scale: Hemiberlesia lataniae

(Reviewed 1/08, updated 1/08)

In this Guideline:

Description of the pests
Damage
Management

Greedy scale and latania scale are armored scales and similar in size to adult olive scale and oleander scale. However, the waxy shell covering of these two species is more conical with a small black spot or nipple to one side of the center. If the shell is removed, the female body is yellow, unlike the reddish purple body of the olive scale. The male scale body is much smaller and elongated. It is difficult to distinguish between latania and greedy scales without a microscope, but management for the two species is the same. There are usually several generations a year.

These scales feed on leaves, bark, and fruit. Infested fruit have a dark purple spot with a distinct outline. The scale is located in the center of the spot. Fruit with scale are rendered worthless.

Biological control plays a significant role in the management of greedy and latania scales. If the previous year's crop had an economic infestation of either of these scales, treatments may be warranted.

Biological Control
Several species of Aphytis, including A. melinus, are parasites of these scales.

Organically Acceptable Methods
Biological control and certain oil sprays are acceptable to use in an organically certified crop.

Monitoring and Treatment Decisions
If treatment is necessary, treat the first brood in late May and June or the second brood in late July and August. Double-sided sticky tape wrapped around tree branches is useful in determining when crawlers are present. Apply first brood treatment when scale crawlers are seen moving on to the fruit. Treating scales between broods in early July is not recommended. A postharvest treatment is also effective.

Common name

Amount to Use**

R.E.I.+

P.H.I.+

(trade name)

(hours)

(days)

When choosing a pesticide, consider information relating to the impact on natural enemies and honey bees and environmental impact.

POSTBLOOM (Late May through June when crawlers are present)

NARROW RANGE OIL#

Label rates

MODE OF ACTION: Contact including smothering and barrier effects.

COMMENTS: Effective against light to moderate infestations, especially when used in conjunction with pruning to open the orchard canopy. Most effective when applied against the crawler stage. Spray at night or early morning if temperatures are expected to exceed 90°F during the day. Check with certifier to determine which products are organically acceptable.

NARROW RANGE OIL

1.5 gal

MODE OF ACTION: Contact including smothering and barrier effects.

COMMENTS: For heavy to severe infestations, add the following insecticide to the oil spray. Spray at night or early morning if temperatures are expected to exceed 90°F during the day.

. . . PLUS . . .

CARBARYL*

(Sevin) 80S

1–1.25 lb

MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER¹: 1A

COMMENTS: Do not exceed 2 applications/year. This material is very destructive to most natural enemies. For tank mixes, observe all directions for use on all labels, and employ the most restrictive limits and precautions. Never exceed the maximum a.i. on any label when tank mixing products that contain the same a.i.

SUMMER (July 15–August)

NARROW RANGE OIL#

Label rates

MODE OF ACTION: Contact including smothering and barrier effects.

COMMENTS: Effective against light to moderate infestations, especially when used in conjunction with pruning to open the orchard canopy. Do not apply any oil between August 20 and harvest to olives used for Spanish or green-ripe processing because of the risk of fruit spotting. Most effective when applied against the crawler stage. Spray at night or early morning if temperatures are expected to exceed 90°F during the day. Check with certifier to determine which products are organically acceptable.

NARROW RANGE OIL

1.5 gal

MODE OF ACTION: Contact including smothering and barrier effects.

COMMENTS: For heavy to severe infestations, add the following insecticide to the oil spray. Do not apply any oil between August 20 and harvest to olives used for Spanish or green-ripe processing due to fruit spotting. Spray at night or early morning if temperatures are expected to exceed 90°F during the day. Check with certifier to determine which products are organically acceptable.

. . . PLUS . . .

CARBARYL*

(Sevin) 80S

1–1.25 lb

MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER¹: 1A

POSTHARVEST (October–November)

NARROW RANGE OIL#

Label rates

MODE OF ACTION: Contact including smothering and barrier effects.

NARROW RANGE OIL

1.5 gal

MODE OF ACTION: Contact including smothering and barrier effects.

COMMENTS: For heavy to severe infestations, add the following insecticide to the oil spray. Spray at night or early morning if temperatures are expected to exceed 90°F during the day.

. . . PLUS . . .

METHIDATHION*

(Supracide) 25WP

2 lb

MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER¹: 1B

COMMENTS: Use with or without oil. Application of methidathion with, or closely following, a fungicide containing lime will negate the insecticide's effectiveness. The application of this material should precede the application of fungicides containing lime. Do not apply more than 12 lb/acre/year. For tank mixes, observe all directions for use on all labels, and employ the most restrictive limits and precautions. Never exceed the maximum a.i. on any label when tank mixing products that contain the same a.i.

**	Amounts per 100 gal water (except where otherwise stated), using 400-500 gal solution per acre.
+	Restricted entry interval (R.E.I.) is the number of hours (unless otherwise noted) from treatment until the treated area can be safely entered without protective clothing. Preharvest interval (P.H.I.) is the number of days from treatment to harvest. In some cases the REI exceeds the PHI. The longer of two intervals is the minimum time that must elapse before harvest.
*	Permit required from county agricultural commissioner for purchase or use.
#	Acceptable for use on organically grown crops.
¹	Rotate chemicals with a different mode-of-action Group number, and do not use products with the same mode-of-action Group number more than twice per season to help prevent the development of resistance. For example, the organophosphates have a Group number of 1B; chemicals with a 1B Group number should be alternated with chemicals that have a Group number other than 1B. Mode of action Group numbers are assigned by IRAC (Insecticide Resistance Action Committee). For additional information, see their Web site at http://www.irac-online.org/.

UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines: Olive
UC ANR Publication 3452
Insects and Mites
F. G. Zalom, Entomology, UC Davis
P. M. Vossen, UC Cooperative Extension, Sonoma Co.
R. A. Van Steenwyk, Insect Biology, UC Berkeley
Acknowledgment for contributions to the insects and mites section:
G. S. Sibbett, UC Cooperative Extension, Tulare Co.
L. Ferguson, Pomology, UC Davis

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How to Manage Pests

UC Pest Management Guidelines

Olive

Greedy Scale and Latania Scale

Scientific Names: Greedy scale: Hemiberlesia rapax
Lantania scale: Hemiberlesia lataniae

DESCRIPTION OF THE PESTS

DAMAGE

MANAGEMENT

PUBLICATION

How to Manage Pests

UC Pest Management Guidelines

Olive

Greedy Scale and Latania Scale

Scientific Names: Greedy scale: Hemiberlesia rapax Lantania scale: Hemiberlesia lataniae

DESCRIPTION OF THE PESTS

DAMAGE

MANAGEMENT

PUBLICATION

Scientific Names: Greedy scale: Hemiberlesia rapax
Lantania scale: Hemiberlesia lataniae