UC IPM: UC Management Guidelines for False Chinch Bug on Pistachio

UC Pest Management Guidelines

Pistachio

False Chinch Bug

Scientific name: Nysius raphanus

(Reviewed 2/07, updated 2/07)

In this Guideline:

Description of the pest
Damage
Management

DESCRIPTION OF THE PEST

The adult false chinch bug is a small bug, about 0.12 inch or 3 mm long. It is gray to light brown in color and looks somewhat like a small lygus bug. The nymph is gray with a reddish brown abdomen.

False chinch bugs can occur in high numbers on weeds within or adjacent to pistachio orchards. The eggs are laid randomly on the soil or within soil cracks near weeds. The false chinch bug spends the winter primarily in the immature stage (nymph) on weeds. As weeds dry in spring or are destroyed, chinch bugs migrate to pistachio trees where they feed. Nymphs predominate during migration but adults may also be present. Important weeds that serve as hosts include wild mustard, wild radish, shepherd's-purse, and London rocket. The most serious infestations result from spring migrations; however, fall migrations can also occur. Movement occurs in early morning or evening.

DAMAGE

False chinch bugs can be a serious problem on newly planted pistachio trees, especially when cardboard trunk guards are used, which shelter the bugs during the day. Their feeding can cause young trees to wilt and die. Feeding on older trees can cause leaves to drop.

MANAGEMENT

On newly planted trees, if bugs are so numerous that wilting is evident, a treatment is warranted. Treat either in the evening or early morning when chinch bugs are active.

Common name

Amount/Acre**

R.E.I.+

P.H.I.+

(trade name)

(hours)

(days)

When choosing a pesticide, consider information relating to impact on natural enemies and honey bees and environmental impact.

PERMETHRIN*

(Pounce) 3.2EC

8–16 oz

(Ambush) 25WP

12.8–25.6 oz

MODE OF ACTION: A pyrethroid (Group 3)¹ insecticide.

COMMENTS: Do not apply more than 0.8 lb a.i./acre/season for 25W formulation and 1.6 lb a.i./acre/season for 3.2 EC formation.

**	Unless otherwise noted, apply with enough water to ensure adequate coverage.
+	Restricted entry interval (R.E.I.) is the number of hours (unless otherwise noted) from treatment until the treated area can be entered without protective clothing. Preharvest interval (P.H.I.) is the number of days from treatment until harvest may occur. In some cases the R.E.I. exceeds the P.H.I. The longer of these two intervals is the minimum time that must elapse before harvest can take place.
*	Permit required from county agricultural commissioner for purchase or use.
¹	Modes of action are important in preventing the development of resistance to pesticides. Rotate chemicals with a different mode-of-action Group number, and do not use products with the same mode-of-action Group number more than twice per season. For example, the organophosphates have a Group number of 1B; chemicals with a 1B Group number should be alternated with chemicals that have a Group number other than 1B. Mode of action is assigned by IRAC (Insecticide Resistance Action Committee). For additional information, see their Web site at http://www.irac-online.org/.

UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines: Pistachio
UC ANR Publication 3461
Insects and Mites
W. J. Bentley, Kearney Agricultural Center, Parlier
R. H. Beede, UC Cooperative Extension, Kings Co.
K. M. Daane, Biological Control, UC Berkeley/Kearney Agricultural Center, Parlier
D. R. Haviland, UC Cooperative Extension, Kern Co.
Acknowledgment for contributions to the insect and mite section:
R. E. Rice, Kearney Agricultural Center, Parlier

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