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How to Manage Pests

UC Pest Management Guidelines


Pecan

Relative Toxicities of Insecticides and Miticides Used in Pecans to Natural Enemies and Honey Bees

(Reviewed 2/07, updated 2/07)

In this Guideline:


Common name (trade name) Chemical class 1 Mode of action 2 Selectivity 3
(affected groups)
Predatory mites 4 General predators 5 Parasites 5 Honey bees 6 Duration of impact
to natural enemies 7
chlorpyrifos (Lorsban) OP 1B broad (insects, mites) M H H I moderate
dimethoate OP 1B broad (insects, mites) H H H I long
endosulfan (Thionex) OC 2A broad (insects, mites) L M M II* short
imidacloprid (Admire)-soil N 4A narrow (sucking insects, cutworms) L L II
H   = high
M = moderate
L = low
—   = no information

1  Chemical class: N = neonicotinoid; OC= organochlorine; OP = organophosphate
2 Modes of action are important in preventing the development of resistance to pesticides. Rotate chemicals with a different mode-of-action Group number, and do not use products with the same mode-of-action Group number more than twice per season. For example, the organophosphates have a Group number of 1B; chemicals with a 1B Group number should be alternated with chemicals that have a Group number other than 1B. Mode of action is assigned by IRAC (Insecticide Resistance Action Committee). For additional information, see their Web site at http://www.irac-online.org/.
3 Selectivity: broad means it affects most groups of insects and mites; narrow means it affects only a few specific groups.
4 Generally, toxicities are to western predatory mite, Galendromus occidentalis. Where differences have been measured in toxicity of the pesticide-resistant strain versus the native strain, these are listed as pesticide-resistant strain/native strain.
5 Toxicities are averages of reported effects and should be used only as a general guide. Actual toxicity of a specific chemical depends on the species of predator or parasite, environmental conditions, and application rate.
6 Ratings are as follows: I = Do not apply to blooming plants; II = Apply only during late evening; III = Apply only during late evening, night, or early morning; and IV = Apply at any time with reasonable safety to bees. If marked with an asterisk (*), the rating is the next higher rating for low label rates. For more information, see How to Reduce Bee Poisoning From Pesticides (172K,PDF), Pacific Northwest Extension Publication PNW518.
7 Duration: short means hours to days; moderate means days to 2 weeks; and long means many weeks or months.

[Precautions]

PUBLICATION

[UC Peer Reviewed]

UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines: Pecan
UC ANR Publication 3456
General Information
Acknowledgments: This table was compiled based on research data and experience of University of California scientists working on a variety of crops.

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Statewide IPM Program, Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California
All contents copyright © 2007 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.

For noncommercial purposes only, any Web site may link directly to this page. FOR ALL OTHER USES or more information, read Legal Notices. Unfortunately, we cannot provide individual solutions to specific pest problems. See How to manage pests, or in the U.S., contact your local Cooperative Extension office for assistance. /PMG/r609900111.html revised: February 1, 2007. Contact webmaster.