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How to Manage Pests

UC Pest Management Guidelines

| More pests | More crops | About guidelines |

Pecan

Relative Toxicities of Insecticides and Miticides Used in Pecans to Natural Enemies and Honey Bees

(Reviewed 2/07, updated 2/07)

In this Guideline:

Common name (trade name) Chemical class 1 Mode of action 2 Selectivity 3
(affected groups)		 Predatory mites 4 General predators 5 Parasites 5 Honey bees 6 Duration of impact
to natural enemies 7
chlorpyrifos (Lorsban) OP 1B broad (insects, mites) M H H I moderate
dimethoate OP 1B broad (insects, mites) H H H I long
endosulfan (Thionex) OC 2A broad (insects, mites) L M M II* short
imidacloprid (Admire)-soil N 4A narrow (sucking insects, cutworms) — L L II —
H   = high
M = moderate
L = low
—   = no information

1  Chemical class: N = neonicotinoid; OC= organochlorine; OP = organophosphate
2 Modes of action are important in preventing the development of resistance to pesticides. Rotate chemicals with a different mode-of-action Group number, and do not use products with the same mode-of-action Group number more than twice per season. For example, the organophosphates have a Group number of 1B; chemicals with a 1B Group number should be alternated with chemicals that have a Group number other than 1B. Mode of action is assigned by IRAC (Insecticide Resistance Action Committee). For additional information, see their Web site at http://www.irac-online.org/.
3 Selectivity: broad means it affects most groups of insects and mites; narrow means it affects only a few specific groups.
4 Generally, toxicities are to western predatory mite, Galendromus occidentalis. Where differences have been measured in toxicity of the pesticide-resistant strain versus the native strain, these are listed as pesticide-resistant strain/native strain.
5 Toxicities are averages of reported effects and should be used only as a general guide. Actual toxicity of a specific chemical depends on the species of predator or parasite, environmental conditions, and application rate.
6 Ratings are as follows: I = Do not apply to blooming plants; II = Apply only during late evening; III = Apply only during late evening, night, or early morning; and IV = Apply at any time with reasonable safety to bees. If marked with an asterisk (*), the rating is the next higher rating for low label rates. For more information, see How to Reduce Bee Poisoning From Pesticides (172K,PDF), Pacific Northwest Extension Publication PNW518.
7 Duration: short means hours to days; moderate means days to 2 weeks; and long means many weeks or months.

[Precautions]

PUBLICATION

[UC Peer Reviewed]

UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines: Pecan
UC ANR Publication 3456
General Information
Acknowledgments: This table was compiled based on research data and experience of University of California scientists working on a variety of crops.

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Statewide IPM Program, Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California
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