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How to Manage Pests

UC Pest Management Guidelines

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Caneberries

Herbicide Treatment Table

(Reviewed 12/09, updated 12/09)

In this Guideline: More about weeds in caneberries:
Herbicide common name Amount/Acre R.E.I.+ P.H.I.+
(trade name)   (hours) (days)
  Calculate impact of pesticide on air quality
When choosing an herbicide, consider information relating to environmental impact. Not all registered pesticides are listed. Always read label of product being used.
 
PREPLANT
Before weeds emerge
A. 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE/ CHLOROPICRIN*
  (Telone C-35) 48 gal 5 days NA
  COMMENTS: Fumigants such as 1,3-dichloropropene are a source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) but are minimally reactive with other air contaminants that form ozone. Fumigate only as a last resort when other management strategies have not been successful or are not available.
 
B. METAM SODIUM*
  (Vapam, etc.) Label rates 48 NA
  COMMENTS: For spot treatment of certain perennials.
  . . . or . . .
  METAM POTASSIUM*
  (K-Pam) Label rates 48 NA
 
After weeds emerge
A. GLYPHOSATE 1–4 lb a.i. see label NA
  (Roundup)
  . . . or . . .
  (Touchdown) Label rates see label NA
  WSSA MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 9
  COMMENTS: Apply in controlled droplet application or with low-pressure flat fan nozzles. For annual weed control use 10–40 gal water/acre with 1 lb/acre. Apply to young annuals or vigorously growing perennials in the early flowering stage or to nutsedge when it has 5–6 leaves. Some perennials require the 4 lb a.i. (Roundup) or 3.75 lb a.i. (Touchdown)/acre rate for control. Adding sprayable ammonium sulfate at 5 to 10 lb/100 gal of spray solution before the glyphosate is added can often improve control.
 
B. PELARGONIC ACID
  (Scythe) 3–5% v/v in 75–200 gal 12 0
  WSSA MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 27
  COMMENTS: A contact, nonselective herbicide. Most effective on small weeds with good spray coverage. Apply before planting or before cane emergence.
 
POSTPLANT
Before weeds emerge
A. ORYZALIN 2–4 lb a.i.  
  (Surflan) AS 2–4 qt 24 0
  WSSA MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 3
  COMMENTS: Apply in 20–60 gal water/acre. If rain does not occur within 21 days, sprinkle irrigate with 1/2 to 2 inches water. May be combined with postemergent if weeds have emerged. Most applications are with the 4 lb a.i./acre rate to give maximum residual.
 
B. NAPROPAMIDE 4 lb a.i.  
  (Devrinol) 50DF 8 lb 24 0
  WSSA MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 15
  COMMENTS: Apply in 20–60 gal water/acre. Must be incorporated within 4 to 7 days of application or sprinkler irrigated. Can be combined with a postemergent if weeds have emerged.
 
C. DIURON 2.4 lb a.i. 12 0
  (Karmex, Direx)
  WSSA MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 7
  COMMENTS: Direct spray to the soil under grapevines at least 3 years of age. Do not apply more than 2.4 lb a.i./acre/season. Considered to be a ground water contaminant and requires a use permit within Ground Water Protection Areas. Note: Pay special attention to soil texture/rate adjustments; do not use on soils with less than 1% organic matter. Residual period: 8–12 months. For best results, apply during the winter months when weeds are less than 2 inches. See label for rainfall concerns.
 
D. SIMAZINE 2–4 lb a.i. 12 see label
  (Princep 4L, Princep Caliber 90, etc.)
  WSSA MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 5
  COMMENTS: Apply to the soil under vines older than 3 years anytime between harvest and early spring. Make only 1 application/year. Use the high rate for heavy soils. Simazine is frequently used in combination with other preemergent herbicides. On light soils, simazine often is used at rates of 0.5–1 lb/acre. Do not use on gravel, sand, or loamy sand soils. If an irrigation is applied immediately after application, limit water to 0.5 inch. Considered to be a ground water contaminant and requires a use permit within Ground Water Protection Areas. Residual period: 8–12 months.
 
After weeds emerge
A. SETHOXYDIM 0.28–0.46 lb a.i. 12 45
  (Poast)
  WSSA MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 1
  COMMENTS: Apply to young annual or perennial grasses. Repeat applications will be required for the control of perennial grasses. Add 2 pt crop oil concentrate to the spray solution. Do not apply to grass that is stressed or poor control may result. Residual period: less than 1 month.
 
B PARAQUAT* 0.64–1 lb a.i 24 0
  (Gramoxone Inteon)
  WSSA MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 22
  COMMENTS: Apply in 30–60 gal water/acre to young plants. Thorough wetting of the weed foliage is essential for control. Use a 0.5% nonionic surfactant. Repeat treatment as new growth occurs. Do not treat more than 3 times/year.
 
C. GLYPHOSATE 0.5–1 lb a.i. see label see label
  (Roundup)
  WSSA MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 9
 
Herbicide Combinations
Note: For tank mixes, observe all directions for use on all labels, and employ the most restrictive limits and precautions. Never exceed the maximum a.i. on any label when tank mixing products that contain the same a.i.
 
A. GLYPHOSATE 1 lb a.i. see label see label
  (Roundup)
  WSSA MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 9
  . . . PLUS . . .
  ORYZALIN 4 lb a.i.  
  (Surflan) AS 4 qt 24 0
  WSSA MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 3
  . . . or . . .
  NAPROPAMIDE 4 lb a.i. 24 0
  (Devrinol) 50DF 8 lb  
  WSSA MODE OF ACTION GROUP NUMBER1: 15
  COMMENTS: Combines post- and preemergence activity to control existing weeds, leaving residual control of most annual weeds up to 6 months. Combination choice depends on weed spectrum and how rapidly the application can be incorporated. Be sure to follow restrictions on labels of both products in a tank mix; the most restrictive limits must be followed.
 
* Permit required from county agricultural commissioner for purchase or use.
+ Restricted entry interval (R.E.I.) is the number of hours (unless otherwise noted) from treatment until the treated area can be safely entered without protective clothing. Preharvest interval (P.H.I.) is the number of days from treatment until the orchard can be harvested. In some cases the R.E.I. exceeds the P.H.I. The longer of these two intervals is the minimum time that must elapse before harvest may take place.
1 Group numbers are assigned by the Weed Science Society of America (WSSA) according to different modes of action. Although weeds may exhibit multiple resistance across many groups, mode of action numbers are useful in planning mixtures or rotations of herbicides with different modes of action. For more information, see http://www.hracglobal.com.
NA Not applicable

[Precautions]

PUBLICATION

[UC Peer Reviewed]

UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines: Caneberries
UC ANR Publication 3437
Weeds
O. Daugovish, UC Cooperative Extension Ventura County
M. P. Bolda, UC Cooperative Extension Santa Cruz County

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