| Herbicide |
|
| (trade name) |
Amount/Acre |
Many of these products are available for use by licensed applicators only and cannot be used by home gardeners.
|
| |
PREPLANT |
|
| A. |
DAZOMET |
275 lb a.i./acre or 10 oz a.i./100 sq
ft |
| |
(Basamid) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Soil-applied fumigant for control
of annual weeds. Apply directly to the soil and mix 6 inches deep
with a power tiller. Activity is better if irrigated after tilling
in. Better on sandy soils than on clay soils. Seed in 3 weeks if temperature
is over 60°F and soil is moist but not wet. |
| |
|
|
| B. |
METAM SODIUM* |
160-320 lb a.i. or 3.7-7.4 lb a.i./1000
sq ft |
| |
(Vapam) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Preirrigate soil to imbibe seeds
and juvenate perennial propagules. Apply as soil begins to dry; soil
temperature should be at least 50°F at 1 inch for best results.
Apply in water on calm day; follow immediately with sprinkler irrigation
to seal the soil surface or, preferably, cover with vaporproof covering.
Seed in 2 weeks on light sandy soils, in 3-4 weeks on heavier clay
or organic soils. Extend waiting period if temperature is below 60°F.
Two applications usually required to eradicate bermudagrass, nutsedge,
or kikuyugrass. Rototilling before treatment will enhance control. |
| |
|
|
| C. |
GLYPHOSATE |
2-4 lb a.i. |
| |
(Roundup, Rodeo plus surfactant, Roundup Pro) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Glyphosate is a nonselective, foliar-applied
postemergent herbicide that will eliminate nearly all established
weeds and turf species from a site before seedbed preparation. It
has no preemergence activity on emerging weeds or turf species. Use
the lower rate for annual weeds and the higher rate for perennial
weeds. Apply to actively growing weeds that are not stressed. |
| |
|
|
| |
POSTPLANT |
|
| |
Before weeds emerge |
|
| A. |
ATRAZINE* |
1-2 lb a.i. |
| |
(Drexel Atrazine) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Used for control of annual broadleaf
weeds and some annual grasses in St. Augustinegrass or zoysiagrass
turf. Do not use on other turf types or injury will result. May be
applied up to 30 days before cutting or lifting sod. Do not apply
in light textured (sandy) soils where tree or shrub roots may absorb
the herbicide. |
| |
|
|
| B. |
BENEFIN |
warm-season species: 3 lb a.i. |
| |
(Balan) 2.5G |
cool-season species: 2 lb a.i. |
| |
COMMENTS: For crabgrass control, apply 2-3
weeks before initial germination (Jan. for Los Angeles Basin, early
to mid-Feb. for Central Valley and central coast, mid-Feb. to March
1 for northern California and north coastal areas). Sprinkle-irrigate
after application to wash herbicide off leaves and into the soil.
For annual bluegrass control, apply 2-3 weeks before initial germination
(Aug.-Sept.) and sprinkle-irrigate after application to wash herbicide
off leaves and into the soil. For speedwell control, apply preemergence
in Jan. Benefin is often combined with other preemergence herbicides,
such as trifluralin or oryzalin, for longer residual. Do not apply
to bentgrass greens. |
| |
|
|
| C. |
BENEFIN |
|
| |
...AND... |
|
| |
ORYZALIN |
|
| |
(XL 2G) |
2-3 lb a.i. |
| |
COMMENTS: For use on warm-season grasses only.
Apply on established turf before annual weeds germinate. Do not aerate
or verticut after application. Do not use on bluegrass, bentgrass,
ryegrass, or fescue turf. |
| |
|
|
| D. |
BENEFIN |
cool-season species: 1.5-2 lb a.i. |
| |
...AND... |
warm-season species: 2-3 lb a.i. |
| |
TRIFLURALIN |
|
| |
(Team 2G) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Apply on established turf in spring 1-2 weeks
before expected germination of summer annuals (crabgrass, goosegrass,
foxtail, or barnyardgrass). For annual bluegrass control, apply in
late summer or early fall before germination. A second application
can be applied 10-12 weeks after the first in the southern part of
the state to control late-germinating weeds. Do not overseed grasses
for 12-16 weeks after application. |
| |
|
|
| E. |
BENSULIDE |
7.5-10 lb a.i. |
| |
(Pre-San) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Safest preemergence control material in bentgrass.
For crabgrass control, apply 2-3 weeks before initial germination
(Jan. for Los Angeles Basin and south coast area, mid-Feb. for Central
Valley and central coast, mid-Feb. to March 1 for northern California
and north coastal areas). For annual bluegrass control, apply 7.5
lb a.i./acre in fall and 7.5 lb a.i./acre in midwinter (Jan.-Feb.).
Crabgrass may germinate and become established in turf in late summer
if lower rates are used. Good management will allow use of lower rates.
For annual bluegrass control, apply in early fall before annual bluegrass
germinates (mid-Aug. to mid-Sept.). Exclude children and pets during
application and until treated area has been thoroughly sprinkler-irrigated. |
| |
|
|
| F. |
DCPA |
10 lb a.i. |
| |
(Dacthal) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Apply 2-3 weeks before initial crabgrass germination
(Jan. for Los Angeles Basin and south coast area, early- to mid-Feb.
for Central Valley and central coast area, mid-Feb. to March 1 for
northern California and north coast area). Do not use on bentgrass
and dichondra. Exclude children and pets during application and until
treated area has been thoroughly sprinkler-irrigated. Will not control
crabgrass after germination. For annual bluegrass control, apply at
the end of Aug. or beginning of Sept. |
| |
|
|
| G. |
DITHIOPYR |
0.25-0.5 lb a.i. |
| |
(Dimension) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Apply to established turf before annual weeds
germinate. Apply in spring for crabgrass, spurge, and oxalis, or in
fall for annual bluegrass. May be applied as a single application
in spring or fall, or as a split application with half being applied
in spring and half in fall. Do not apply more than 1.5 lb a.i./year.
Do not apply within 3 months of seeding, overseeding, or sprigging.
May injure fine fescue or bentgrass in golf course greens. |
| |
|
|
| H. |
ISOXABEN |
0.5-1 lb a.i. |
| |
(Gallery 75 DF) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Apply to established turf in late summer or
early fall before winter annual weeds germinate. Provides 6-8 month
control of many broadleaf weeds including: henbit, speedwells, oxalis,
brass buttons and knotweed. A spring application helps control spurge
and other summer broadleaf annuals. Follow application with at least
0.5 inch water. Will not control established weed plants. Not for
use on putting greens or grass grown for seed. |
| |
|
|
| I. |
NAPROPAMIDE |
2-3 lb a.i. |
| |
(Devrinol) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Apply at seeding or on established dichondra;
can also be used on bermudagrass, St. Ausustinegrass, and fescue.
Principally for grass control, but will control some broadleaf weeds.
A split application of 2 lb can be applied for crabgrass and 2 lb
for goosegrass; apply 8-10 weeks apart. Follow treatment with a minimum
of 1 inch of water to wash maerial from the leaves and into the soil.
Do not reseed or overseed within six months after application. |
| |
|
|
| J. |
ORYZALIN |
1.5-2 lb a.i. |
| |
(Surflan) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: For use on warm-season grasses only. Apply on
established turf before annual weeds germinate. Use low rate of application
for annual bluegrass control in late summer or early fall. Use high
rate in late winter or early spring before germination of summer annual
weeds. Do not aerate or verticut after application. Do not use on
bluegrass, ryegrass, or tall fescue turf. Long residual may prohibit
overseeding of winter annual grass from a summer application. |
| |
|
|
| K. |
OXADIAZON |
2-4 lb a.i. |
| |
(Ronstar G) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: The granule formulation can be used
safely on most grass species except bentgrass. Some foliar injury
may be observed if the granules are applied to wet foliage or the
herbicide is not washed from the leaves after application. Only use
the wettable powder formulation on dormant established bermudagrass,
St. Augustinegrass, or zoysiagrass turf. Apply the wettable powder
formulation (4-6 lb a.i./acre) at least 2 weeks before turf greens
in spring. Do not use on dichondra or on newly seeded turf. Has not
been effective for control of prostrate spurge or creeping woodsorrel
(Oxalis) in California. |
| |
|
|
| L. |
PENDIMETHALIN |
1.5-3 lb a.i. |
| |
(Pre-M, Pendulum) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Apply to established turf before
annual weeds germinate. Useful in the control of many weeds including:
crabgrass, foxtail, oxalis, and spurge. Use lower rate for control
of annual bluegrass in fall or as a split application for control
of crabgrass or spurge in late winter and early summer. Do not aerate
or verticut after application. Do not overseed with grasses for 8-12
weeks after application. Do not apply on bentgrass. |
| |
|
|
| M. |
PRODIAMINE |
0.65-1.5 lb a.i. |
| |
(Barricade) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Not for use on putting greens. Wait
until seeded turfgrass is established before using or root injury
will occur. Apply to established turfgrass before emergence of weeds.
Very insoluble in water but may suppress germinated annual bluegrass
or crabgrass. Do not overseed for 4-10 months, depending on the rate
used. May thin turfgrass under stressed conditions, heavy, wet soils
or shaded areas where growth is slow. |
| |
|
|
| N. |
PRONAMIDE* |
0.5-1 lb a.i. |
| |
(Kerb) 50WSP |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Used for control of annual bluegrass
in bermudagrass turf; the higher rate gives longer residual control.
Most effective in late fall at, or just before, emergence; 14-21 days
are required before results are observed. Do not use on seedling,
newly sprigged, or newly sodded turf. |
| |
|
|
| O. |
SIDURON |
newly planted turfgrass : 2-6 lb a.i. |
| |
|
established turfgrass : 8-12 lb a.i. |
| |
(Tupersan 50WP) |
| |
COMMENTS: Apply the lower rates to newly planted
cool-season turfgrass species (Kentucky bluegrass, tall fescue, and
perennial ryegrass). Apply higher rates to established turfgrass of
the same species. Effective control of warm-season annual grasses
such as crabgrass and foxtail. Also will control bermudagrass seedlings.
Late winter or early spring applications are most effective. A retreatment
is usually necessary to control weedy grass seedlings for the summer.
Do not use in bermudagrass turf or injury will result. |
| |
|
|
| |
Postemergent to weed
|
|
| A. |
BENTAZON |
1 lb a.i. |
| |
(Basagran) 4EC |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Apply in 40 gal water/acre for yellow
nutsedge in established turfgrass; thorough coverage is important.
The nutsedge should be growing vigorously with good soil moisture.
If control is not as desired, apply a second treatment after 10-14
days. Do not apply more than 2 lb a.i./season. For optimum control,
do not mow 3-5 days before or after application. Do not use on newly
seeded or sprigged turf or golf course greens. |
| |
|
|
| B. |
BENTAZON |
1 lb a.i. |
| |
(Basagran) 4EC |
|
| |
...PLUS... |
|
| |
2,4-D* |
1 lb a.i. |
| |
COMMENTS: For nutsedge and other broadleaf
control. Do not use on newly seeded or sprigged turf. |
| |
|
|
| C. |
BROMOXYNIL |
0.25-0.5 lb a.i. |
| |
(Buctril) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Apply on young turfgrass after grass has emerged
and when broadleaf weeds are in the 3- to 4-leaf stage or up to 6-inch
weed height, or on rosette plants before they exceed 1.5 inches in
diameter to control broadleaf weeds. On established turf, use lower
rate on small weeds and higher rate on large weeds. During periods
of high temperature, leaf tip burn may occur on turf. Do not use on
bentgrass greens. Apply in at least 20 gal water/acre. May be tank-mixed
with other broadleaf materials such as 2,4-D and 2,4-DP, MCPP, dicamba,
MSMA, or DSMA, or combinations of these materials, depending upon
the weed species present. |
| |
|
|
| D. |
DICAMBA* |
0.25-0.5 lb a.i./100 gal water |
| |
(Banvel 4-S) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Apply in 40 gal water/acre for control of chickweeds,
clovers, English daisy, prostrate knotweed, pearlwort, red sorrel,
curly dock. Do not apply more than two times/year. The 4 lb acid equivalent/gal
formulation can also be used for spot spraying; do not exceed 0.5
lb acid equivalent/acre/season. Active through the soil; do not use
where roots of ornamental plants may extend into treated area or spray
on tree basins. Spray on calm days to avoid spray drift onto susceptible
crops or ornamentals. Do not use on dichondra or spray in tree basins. |
| |
|
|
| E. |
DITHIOPYR |
0.25-0.5 lb a.i. |
| |
(Dimension) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Apply to crabgrass before tillering stage. May
be used with MSMA to control existing crabgrass. Equally effective
on smooth or large crabgrass. |
| |
|
|
| F. |
DICAMBA* |
Label rates |
| |
MCPP |
|
| |
...AND... |
|
| |
2,4-D* |
|
| |
(Trimec) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: For English daisy or other difficult to control
broadleaf weeds such as dandelion or plantain. Do not exceed 0.25
acid equivalent/acre of dicamba on bentgrass turf. Active through
the soil; do not use where roots of ornamentals may extend into treated
area. Spray on calm days to avoid spray drift onto susceptible crops
or ornamentals. Do not use on dichondra. |
| |
|
|
| G. |
DSMA |
3-4 lb a.i. |
| |
(Methar) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Apply in 175-200 gal water/acre. Effective for
crabgrass, dallisgrass, and nutsedge control. Temperature, soil moisture,
and turf type determine degree of turf selectivity. Avoid spraying
under hot, droughty conditions. Bentgrasses, fine-leaved fescues,
and dichondra are most sensitive; bermudagrass is most tolerant. Do
not use on St. Augustinegrass turf. Use lower rate on bentgrasses
and fine-leaved fescues and if daily temperatures exceed 80°F.
Lower rate is sufficient to control young crabgrass; use higher rate
for mature crabgrass; requires 2-3 resprays at 5- to 7-day intervals.
Use repeated monthly sprays for established dallisgrass and nutsedge.
Use higher rate on bermudagrass and, if temperatures are 80°F
or lower, in Kentucky bluegrass as well; will yellow zoysiagrass turf. |
| |
|
|
| H. |
ETHOFUMESATE |
Label rates |
| |
(Prograss) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: For professional use only. See label for varietal
tolerances of turf species. |
| |
|
|
| I. |
FLUAZIFOP |
Label rates |
| |
(Fusilade) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: For selective grass control in dichondra. Will
not control annual bluegrass. Apply when the grass is young and vigorous
and has good soil moisture. Retreatments may be required for hard-to-kill
weeds such as bermudagrass, dallisgrass, and kikuyugrass. Will not
control nutsedge. Use with a surfactant. |
| |
|
|
| J. |
GLYPHOSATE | 1-2 lb a.i./acre or 1.6 oz a.i./gal/1000 sq ft |
| |
(Roundup) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Apply to rapidly growing weeds in
20-40 gal water/acre or as a spot treatment. For control of annual
weeds shorter than 6 inches, apply 1 lb a.i./acre; if 6 inches or
taller, apply 1.5 lb a.i./acre. Allow minimum of 3 days between application
and renovation or cultivation. For control of perennial weeds, apply
4-5 lb a.i./acre to vigorous but nearly mature weeds (bermudagrass
in summer-fall; field bindweed, at full bloom). In mowed turfgrass
areas, do not mow before application. Delay verticutting, removing
sod, or tillage for at least 7 days after treatment. To maximize control,
allow the soil surface and root area to dry after verticutting or
sod removal before replanting. When turfgrass or ornamentals are to
be planted, a followup preemergence program is required to control
the weed seeds. |
| |
|
|
| K. |
HALOSULFURON |
0.03-0.06 lb a.i. |
| |
(Manage) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Apply to established turfgrass in
summer for yellow nutsedge, purple nutsedge, and green kyllinga control.
Usually requires two applications starting when sedge is in the 3-
to 6-leaf stage followed 6-10 weeks later with the second application.
Do not use more than 2 applications/season. Use 0.25% nonionic surfactant
for broadcast applications in equivalent to 100 gal water/acre (2
tsp/gal). |
| |
|
|
| L. |
MECOPROP |
1-1.5 lb acid equivalent |
| |
(MCPP) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: For control of chickweed, clover,
prostrate knotweed, and pearlwort. Spray on calm days to avoid spray
drift onto susceptible crops or ornamentals. Safer to use on bentgrass
than 2,4-D; do not use on dichondra. Use 1 qt surfactant/100 gal spray.
For spot spraying use the same concentration/100 gal spray or 3-4
tsp mecoprop plus 2 tsp surfactant/gal water. (Rate for spot spraying
applies only to formulations containing 2 or 2.5 lb acid equivalent/gal.) |
| |
|
|
| M. |
MSMA |
2-4 lb a.i. |
| |
COMMENTS: Temperature and turf type determine
degree of selectivity. Use lower rate for nutsedge control, on bentgrass,
and on other turf types when daily temperature exceeds 85°F.
For control of dallisgrass and nutsedge; use a surfactant to increase
control of dallisgrass. Make no more than two applications/season
at a 30-day interval. Apply uniformly over area regardless of distribution
of the weed. Hesitating with sprayer over weedier spots may cause
excessive rate and injure or kill the turf. Repeated applications
of high rates reduces kikuyugrass. Turfgrass may be temporarily discolored.
Injurious to St. Augustinegrass, red fescue, dichondra, and zoysiagrass.
Apply in 175-200 gal water/acre. |
| |
|
|
| N. |
PRONAMIDE* |
0.75-1.5 lb a.i. |
| |
(Kerb) 50WSP |
|
| |
COMMENTS: For control of annual bluegrass
in bermudagrass turf only. Use 0.75-1 lb a.i. to control seedling
to young tillering stages of annual bluegrass; a higher rate of 1-1.5
lb a.i. is needed for seed-forming stages. Do not apply where the
herbicide can move into sensitive cool-season grasses. Do not overseed
cool-season grasses within 90 days after treatment. |
| |
|
|
| O. |
QUINCLORAC |
|
| |
(Drive) |
0.25-0.5 lb a.i. |
| |
COMMENTS: Used for control of clover and crabgrass
(although some biotypes of smooth crabgrass may be resistant). Also
used in sequential applications with MSMA to limit kikuyugrass in
warm-season turf. |
| |
|
|
| P. |
TRICLOPYR |
0.25-0.5 lb a.i. |
| |
(Turflon) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: For use on cool-season turf species
only. Especially useful for creeping woodsorrel control. Apply in
50-100 gal water/acre to vigorously growing broadleaf weeds, preferably
in spring or fall. May be retreated 4 weeks following the first application
for hard-to-kill weeds. To broaden weed spectrum and control dandelion,
use a tank mix of amine or low volatile ester of 2,4-D with triclopyr.
Do not apply around trees or shrubs, since injury may result. Do not
follow application with an irrigation within 4 hrs. |
| |
|
|
| Q. |
2,4-D LOW-VOLATILE ESTERS* |
0.48-0.95 lb a.i. |
| |
(Weedone LV4) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Apply in 100 gal water/acre. Use
to control common yarrow, speedwells, mallows, mature knotweed. For
spot treatments, use 4 tsp formulation/1 gal water. |
| |
|
|
| R. |
2,4-D WATER-SOLUBLE AMINES* |
1-1.5 lb a.i. |
| |
(Weedar 64) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: For control of dandelion, plantain, young pigweed
use 1 lb acid equivalent plus 1 qt surfactant in 100 gal water/acre.
For spot treatment use 2 tsp formulation plus 2 tsp surfactant to
1 gal water. For control of young knotweed (2- to 4-leaf stage), field
bindweed, wild lettuce, and filaree use 2 lb acid equivalent plus
1 qt surfactant in 100 gal water/acre. For spot treatment, use 4 tsp
formulation plus 2 tsp surfactant to 1 gal water. On bentgrasses use
water-soluble amine only and do not exceed 0.75 lb acid equivalent/acre. |
| |
|
|
| S. |
2,4-D* |
0.5-1 lb a.i. |
| |
...PLUS... |
|
| |
MCPP |
1 lb a.i. |
| |
COMMENTS: A tank mix. Do not apply in windy conditions
where drift can occur. Do not mow grass 2-3 days before or after treatment.
Do not use on bentgrass greens, St. Augustinegrass, or centipede turf.
Do not irrigate for 4 hrs after application. |
| |
|
|
| T. |
2,4-D* |
Label rates |
| |
...AND... |
|
| |
MCPP |
|
| |
...AND... |
|
| |
DICAMBA* |
|
| |
(Trimec, etc.) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: For broad-spectrum control of broadleaf weeds.
Use lower rates for bentgrass, hybrid bermudagrass and other sensitive
turfgrasses. Nonselective on dichondra. Avoid applying to drought-
and heat-stressed turf. Do not irrigate within 24 hrs of application.
Newly seeded turf should not be treated until after the second or
third mowing. Bentgrass is the most sensitive of the turfgrasses.
Read label for further application directions. Do not allow spray
drift to contact broadleaf ornamentals or injury may occur. |
| |
|
|
| U. |
2,4-D* |
Label rates |
| |
...PLUS... |
|
| |
TRICLOPYR |
Label rates |
| |
(Turflon) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: A tank mix used for control of a broad spectrum
of broadleaf weeds. Particularly effective for oxalis when other broadleaf
weeds are present. Do not use on dichondra, bentgrass, or warm-season
turfgrasses. Avoid applying to drought or heat stressed turf. Do not
irrigate within 24 hour of application. Do not allow drift to contact
broadleaf ornamentals or injury may occur. |
| |
|
|
| V. |
CLOPYRALID/TRICLOPYR |
Label rates |
| |
(Confront) |
|
| |
COMMENTS: Refer to label for use restrictions. A combination
of two herbicides for control of a broad spectrum of annual and perennial
broadleaf weeds in established turfgrass. Plants in the legume family
are very sensitive to low label rates, whereas plants in the aster
family will require the higher label rates. May injure stoloniferous
grasses (bermudagrass and zoysiagrass) especially if the grass is
stressed. Do not use on St. Augustinegrass or bentgrass. Do not reapply
within 4 weeks and withhold irrigation for at least 6 hours after
application. |
| |
|
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